A Review on the Sway of Using Shape Memory Alloys on Enhancing the Behavior of RC Elements under Cyclic Loading

Document Type : Narrative Review Article

Authors

1 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sinai University, Alarish, Egypt.

2 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Abstract

Shape memory alloy (SMA) is a class of “Smart Materials” that can exhibit unique 
thermomechanical phenomena (shape memory effect and superelasticity/pseudoelasticity), which involve the restoration (remembrance) of the SMA’s original 
shape after being excessively deformed. Shape memory effect (SME) is the
thermally-triggered shape recovery of SMA when the alloy isin the martensite phase
(low-temperature phase). However, superelasticity effect (SE), which is observed at 
the austenite phase (high-temperature phase), is the ability of the mechanically
stressed alloy to restore its original shape when unloaded even after being strained
beyond its linear range. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of SMA 
in improving the properties and behavior of structural elements under the influence 
of lateral loads. Their special ability to restore buildings to their former shape after 
a load is removed without causing heating or a considerable amount of persistent 
deformation (superelasticity) is what makes them distinctive. These characteristics
have the power to significantly raise various structures' security levels. A summary
of current research on reinforced concrete (RC) structural elements is given in this 
work, with a focus on beam-column connections (BCCs) and slab-column
connections (SCCs). Form memory alloy (SMA) is used to strengthen these
members either internally or externally. However, there are several benefits to using 
SMA materials in reinforced concrete (RC) components, including reduced lifetime
costs, increased durability, increased safety, and greater performance following an 
earthquake. After reading this article, which summarizes the knowledge now
available on SMA properties and outlines several potential applications for SMAs,
researchers and qualified engineers should be inspired to expand the usage of SMAs 
in new and evolving applications.

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